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Biblio |
Nom latin :Asparagus officinalis.(syn. Asparagus hortensis) Nom français :asperge officinale. Nom anglais :asparagus. wild asparagus. |
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photo : http://www.ese.u-psud.fr/flore/ |
Hauteur: 50 à 100
cm. Tige glabre, herbacée, verte,
dressée, cylindrique à rameaux très étalés. Feuilles réduites à des écailles très
fines, les plus basses sont pourvues d' un petit éperon non épineux. Fleurs vert-jaunâtre, solitaires ou
par 2, portées par des pédoncules longs. Fruits : baies rouges de la taille d'
un pois une fois mûres, à pédoncule épaissi dans leur partie supérieure. Source : http://www.dijon.inra.fr/malherbo/hyppa/hyppa-f/aspof_fh.htm |
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Localisation Origine |
Origine : Bassin méditerranéen Source : http://www.aujardin.info/plantes/asperge.php |
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Histoire Etymologie
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L’asperge est probablement née dans le Bassin Méditerranéen. Egyptiens et Grecs consommaient des asperges sauvages. Ce sont les Romains qui entreprirent de la cultiver. Réapparue à la Renaissance, c’était un produit de luxe réservé aux rois et princes. La Quintinie, jardinier de Louis XIV élabora des techniques de culture sous abri permettant d’en avoir toute l’année. Source :
http://www.vivelaforme.com/vlf/vlf28/dietetique.html |
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Propriétés Utilisations
photo : www.mgo.umn.edu/ crops/Asparagus.htm. |
L'asperge
est dépurative et diurétique. Elle aide les personnes qui font de la
rétention à se débarrasser de l'eau en excès et leurs fibres nous aident à
nettoyer nos intestins. L'asperge contient aussi de la glutathione,
qui a des propriétés anticancérigène et antioxydante. Source :
http://www.dietobio.com/aliments/fr/asperges.html Très peu énergétique, à peine 25 kcal (105 kj) aux 100g, l’asperge se distingue par sa richesse en fibres qui stimulent le transit intestinal. Elle fournit un large éventail de minéraux (potassium, phosphore, magnésium notamment) et de vitamines dont la provitamine A, ou carotène, et la vitamine C (30mg pour 100 g) (toutes deux anti-oxydantes), concentrées dans les pointes. Les apports vitaminiques des asperges vertes ou violettes sont plus élevés que ceux des asperges blanches. Elle possède enfin des propriétés diurétiques reconnues. Source :
http://www.vivelaforme.com/vlf/vlf28/dietetique.html Ses jeunes tiges
sont utilisées en herboristerie et constituent une source d’acides aminés,
acide folique. Source : http://www3.sympatico.ca/revesunis/sante.html |
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Avertissement |
L'asperge n'est pas recommandée aux personnes qui souffrent de
cystite, de la goûte et d'arthrite. Pour cette dernière maladie, les
chercheurs ne sont pas sûrs si ce légume aggraverait ou atténuerait la
douleur. Source :
http://www.dietobio.com/aliments/fr/asperges.html |
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De même famille |
Famille :Liliaceae. (même famille que les oignons, les poireaux et l’ail) Genre :asparagus. Autres espèces : -Asparagus tenuifolius Cette asperge se différencie de sa cousine A.officinalis
par le nombre de ses cladodes qui sont groupées par 10 à 25. Les cladodes
sont des rameaux aplatis, à ne pas confondre avec des feuilles. Cette variété
est peu commune et surtout présente dans le sud du département source : www.florealpes.com/ -Asparagus acutifolius :Asperge à feuilles
aiguës, Asperge à feuilles pointues, Asperge sauvage, Asperge à feuilles
piquantes -Asparagus albus :Asperge à tiges blanches,
Asperge blanche -Asparagus
pubescens - voir dossier. |
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